Top Secret Nutrition Pump Igniter

Label Accuracy

Sugar content was measured at 0.34 g/serving.

Caffeine content was measured at 265.36 mg/serving, 11.55% below its 300 mg label claim.

Beta-Alanine content was measured at 1453.3 mg/serving. This product's Supplement Facts label does not specify its beta-alanine content.

---

Product Purity

One serving of this product recorded less than 0.1 mcg of total arsenic. Using the assumption that inorganic arsenic comprises 80% of total arsenic, one serving of this product falls below inorganic arsenic’s daily intake limit of 0.1 mcg.

This product recorded less than 0.02 mcg of cadmium, falling below cadmium's 4.1 mcg daily intake limit.

This product recorded 0.074 mcg of lead, falling below lead's 0.5 mcg daily intake limit.

This product recorded 0.037 mcg of mercury, falling below mercury's 0.3 mcg daily intake limit.

Note: All Upper Limit values are those enacted by California's Proposition 65.

---

Nutritional Value

This product claimed 5 calories and 1 g of carbohydrate per serving. In our analysis, this product recorded 0.34 g of added sugar per serving. New World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines propose limiting daily added sugar intake to no more than 10% of total energy intake, with a further reduction to 5% (~25g based on a 2000 calorie daily diet) providing additional benefit.

---

Ingredient Safety

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has cited that caffeine intake up to 400 mg/day is generally recognized as safe for healthy adults. Two servings of this product would exceed this limit.

This product contains Acesulfame Potassium (Ace K), which is a controversial artificial sweetener linked to a negative influence on taste preference. Pending research is testing hypotheses regarding Ace K's negative effects on cognitive function, prenatal development, and carcinogenicity.

This product contains Sucralose (Splenda), considered a safer artificial sweetener. Sucralose has been suggested to be a trigger of migraines in those who have previously suffered from migraines, but has shown no conclusive carcinogenic, reproductive, or neurological adverse effects in existing clinical research.

Blue No. 1 has been been linked to increased incidence of allergy and hypersensitivity.

---

Projected Efficacy

This product contains 265.36 mg of caffeine per serving. Caffeine is a popular stimulant shown to increase energy, decrease fatigue and, according to limited evidence, improve cognitive function. It has been shown to enhance endurance during physical activity in a dose-dependent manner, with significant effects apparent at doses of 2.5 mg/kg of bodyweight (~170 mg for a 150 lb. individual; ~227 mg for a 200 lb. individual).

This product contains 1453.3 mg of beta-alanine per serving. Beta-Alanine supplementation has been shown to enhance endurance via carnosine (its active metabolite) by buffering acid accumulation in metabolically active muscle cells. Doses of 4 g/daily (taken as 2 g doses twice daily) have shown efficacy in human clinical study. Large, acute doses of beta-alanine have resulted in parasthesia; studies have shown that extended-release formulations or smaller individual doses (~1 g) circumvent this issue.

---